Policy & Research

Care-experienced children and young people face some of the highest risks of exploitation in the UK, yet intervention too often comes only after harm has occurred. Produced by Justice & Care and Royal Holloway, University of London, this comprehensive report draws on findings from an Expert Roundtable Day that…

The ‘Decade of Dignity’ report is a strategic roadmap to eradicate modern slavery in the UK by 2036. Produced by a coalition of the leading anti-slavery organisations including Justice & Care, the report challenges the current ‘low risk, high reward’ environment that allows exploitation to flourish in plain sight.

This report by Dr Laura Pajon underscores the central role of victim engagement to effectively protect victims and improve the investigation and prosecution of modern slavery offences across policing. In collaboration with Liverpool John Moores University’s School of Law and Justice Studies, the project funded by the British Academy’s Innovation…

Produced by Justice and Care, with support from Hogan Lovells and in partnership with STOP THE TRAFFIK, this report draws on insights from a practitioner workshop bringing together experts from law enforcement, government, financial institutions, and the private sector. The report explores how financial investigation can be…

The National Referral Mechanism (NRM) is the Home Office process for identifying victims of modern slavery. Since it was established in 2009 the number of people known as ‘potential victims’ identified and referred for support has been continuously increasing. In 2024, 19,125 potential victims were referred to the NRM by…

The Modern Slavery Act 2015 was a significant step forward in the fight against modern slavery. However, ten years since the Act was passed there remains much to do to prevent modern slavery, protect victims and pursue offenders. At the time the Modern Slavery Act was world-leading in respect of…

The Modern Slavery Act 2015 was a significant step forward in the fight against modern slavery. However, ten years since the Act was passed there remains much to do to prevent modern slavery, protect victims and pursue offenders. The number of victims being identified has multiplied since 2015 and the…

The Modern Slavery Act 2015 was a significant step forward in the fight against modern slavery. However, modern slavery remains a low risk—high reward crime with criminals continuing to abuse victims with impunity. Bringing offenders to justice is essential to breaking the business model of organised crime groups, bringing individual…

Justice and Care’s ‘Hidden Chains and Missing Links – Child Trafficking in Romania: A Comprehensive Study’ provides a detailed investigation of the hidden scale of child trafficking in Romania. Comprehensive research, conducted by the University of Greenwich (London), exposes alarming gaps in prevention, awareness, and resources. It highlights how vulnerable…

Often, the term forced or compulsory labour conjures up images of child labour in cocoa farmsin Africa or the state-imposed exploitation of the Uyghur people in Xinjiang Province, China. However, the recent high profile case of victims exploited by a Czech crime family in a CambridgeshireMcDonald’s fast food restaurant and…